Critical Success Factor in Monetizing Blog

Blog usage has transformed from its initial function as a digital diary into a legitimate form of mainstream media. Nowadays any member of the public can generate income from blogging through monetization even though various factors affect the results of this process. Four factors were identified: traffic, search engine optimization (SEO), post frequencies, and media usage. This study examines the level of importance of these factors through practical implementation into blogs then quantitatively determine which factor is critical for the success of blog monetization. An empirical analysis based on thirty samples of blogs were performed to assess the impact of the received income. The finding showed that the revenue for most of the blogs increased after the implementation of critical factors with SEO being the most critical of all the factors.


Introduction
The Internet technological development has led to a cultural shift, especially with the routines by which the general public spend its leisure time.Surfing the world wide web through the Internet is an activity that is currently more widespread than watching television [1].The consequences from increased usage of Internet also means that there is an increase in funding for Internet adverstising, which motivates the need to determine opportunities that would lead to improvements in the effectiveness of online advertisement [2].Blog is one avenue to advertise online.
Blog is a website dependent upon regular update of its contents.Since then, it has evolved from a media form catering to a small number of niche groups based shared interests [3] into a series of posts that is more like a diary with a reverse chronological order.Blogs have achieved mainstream status in the media since it is easy to obtain.For some, it has become a daily necessity, similar to a daily periodical or newspaper [4].This is especially true for blogs that often or primarily post on topics not covered by the main media.Additionally, information from blogs spread widely and quickly, providing deeper and updated coverage [4].Blog is often used for posting opinions and expressions by its writers, expanding its content type compared to that of the media [5].Shared interest between blog readers and the blog writers can create blog rings.The joining and linking of several blog rings through commenting or subscribing then create a blogosphere [6].Blog also has special features that are not as prominent in other forms of media, such as management system of contents, ease of use by any member of the general public, archive-oriented structure, information management based on the latest information post, and formation of a blog community through online interaction [7].Blog is different then microblog.Microblogs such as facebook and twitter use many ways to release information namely using webpage, mobile phone, communication, software and email [8].Moreover microblogs derive other applications, i.e., microblog marketing [9].
The perspective of success in the previous study on blog success factors conducted by Du and Wagner [10] is from a technological stand point.The study analyzed the impact of technology used in 126 blogs from the top 100 listing of the Technorati website, and the success was measured by the number of inbound links to a weblog.Safran and Kappe [11] examine blog success factors by analysing activities, post frequencies, the number of images, comments given, comments received, guestbooks received, and guestbooks given.The study indicates that getting involved in the community is the crucial success factor for blogging.Cohen and Krishnamurthy [12] analyze blog community by counting the hyperlink and connection  ISSN: 1693-6930 TELKOMNIKA Vol.14, 2, June 2016 : 757 -761 758 between type or topic as a chance for creating relations in blog community.Sebastian, et al., [13] examine which of the monetizing techniques is the most popular.Advertising is the most commonly used method because of its variety in form and technique.A study on fashion and lifestyle blog monetization has been conducted by analyzing three blogs.It indicated that each of three blogs has its own method to monetize, such as inbound marketing, as well as sales and affiliated marketing [14].
Blog has many functions and purposes, one of which is serving as an alternate source of income through monetization.There are various monetization methods such as advertising, paid contents, affiliated marketing, donation, paid subscription, and consulting [13].However, various factors influence the level of revenue.Four of these factors are traffic, search engine optimization (SEO), post frequencies, and media usage.In this study, we intend to determine which of these factors is the critical factor for a successful blog monetization effort.

Research Method
The sample of blogs used for analyses were selected through indonesiaonline.net, the site of a company engaged in blogging and its monetization.Thirty blogs using Wordpress for their Content Management System were chosen due to their status of being lowest revenuegenerating blogs as of May 2015.For thirty days, the success factors were implemented in these blogs to observe change in revenue.
The data were collected in a timely-based order with daily collection for each blog from its sponsoredreviews.comaccount, which is owned by indonesiaonline.net.The traffic data gathered every week on Monday from alexa.com and chkme.comwas mined for the study as well.The SEO data were collected every week on Monday from chkme.com.The post frequencies data were collected from the blog itself by inspecting the entry list posted every week on Monday.The media usage data were collected from the blog itself by counting the media new article every week on Monday.
In this research, the profile blog data were also collected.The profile blog data are PageRank, Page Authority, Domain Authority, and niche.PageRank (PR) data was collected at the end of the experiment through chkme.com.For the Page Authority (PA) and Domain Authority (DA) of each blog, the data were collected at the end of the experiment using checkmoz.com.For niche, the data was provided by sponsoredreview.comand also collected at the end of the experiment.
After collecting blog profiles, setting relevant independent and dependent variable data was done.The data then were analyzed using paired t-test, correlation, regression, and twoway ANOVA.Paired t-test was used for determining the revenue difference before and after success factor implementation.

Results and Analysis
The revenue was classified and analyzed by the week, setting the before and after time frame.Table 1 summarizes the result of the paired t-test analysis for pre-and post-revenue comparison per week.Table 1 indicates that the average revenue increased after implementing the success factors from the second week to the fourth week.There are significant differences in the average revenue before and after the implementation for the entire month with a p-value of 0.049.The fourth week of implementation has the lowest p-value (0.016).For further analysis, the revenue for post and pre implementation was analyzed using ANOVA, as shown in Table 2, yielding a p-value of 0.001.For deeper analysis, the revenue for pre implementation was analyzed using Post Hoc Test.In order to determine which week is significantly different from other weeks, the revenue data were analyzed using post hoc test.Table 3 shows that there are significant differences between the first and second week as well as the first and third week.The p-value for Week 1 and 2 was 0.003 and the p-value for week 1 and week 2 was 0.001.Both of them have a pvalue < 0.05.The second significant difference of ANOVA revenue test was analyzed each week after implementation.Table 4 shows no significant difference between the groups.The average revenue for each week increased after implementation.The independent variable with the highest correlation to revenue was determined the Pearson correlation test.The revenue was used as a dependent variable in this test.The independent variables used in this test were Alexa, Backlink, SEO score, post frequencies, media usage, PageRank, Domain Authority (DA), Page Authority (PA), and niche.Table 5 indicates that there were two out of nine independent variables with p-values < 0.05, namely SEO and backlink.SEO had a p-value of 0.013 and backlink had a p-value of 0.042.
Simple regression test was used to measure the impact of independent variables on revenue.The independent variable used for simple regression test were Alexa, Backlink, SEO score, post frequencies, media usage, PageRank, Domain Authority (DA), Page Authority (PA), and niche.Further analysis with linear regression was done to find independent variables with significant effect.As shown in Table 7, only one independent variable, SEO, with a p-value of 0.049, had a significant effect on revenue after the implementation of success factors.Two-way ANOVA was used to determine which independent variables had significant impacts on revenue.The independent variables were classified into two groups as in the paired t-test.Alexa, Backlink, SEO score, post frequencies, media usage, PageRank, Domain Authority (DA) and Page Authority (PA) were used as independent variables.The result from two-way ANOVA test (Table 8) concluded that from the eight independent variables that were tested, only one independent variable had a significant impact on revenue after implementing the success factors, which was SEO with a p-value of 0.005.

Conclusion
The world of blog creates many motivations for blog monetization.There are many factors that influence the level of revenue generated.This study was motivated by these efforts to analyze four factors: traffic, search engine optimization (SEO), post frequencies, and media usage.By implementing these four factors into our sample of blogs, it was shown that the revenue of most blogs were increased.After analyzing all the data collected, we determined that search engine optimization (SEO) is the critical factor for a successful blog monetization effort. 761

Table 1 .
Comparisons of Weekly Pre and Post Implementation Revenue Critical Success Factor in Monetizing Blog (Andika Rizky) 759

Table 2 .
ANOVA Revenue Pre Implementation Test Result

Table 3 .
Post Hoc Test of Pre Implementation

Table 4 .
ANOVA Post Implementation Revenue Test Result

Table 5 .
Table 6 summarizes the linear regression test model.Nine independent variables Independent Correlation of Variables with Revenue

Table 6 .
Summary of Linear Regression Test Model

Table 7 .
Linear Regression Analysis of Independent Variable